Applications

Greenhouse Fan-and-Pad Cooling: Planning, Operation and Pad Selection

Published 4/8/2026• Updated 4/8/20269 min read

Published by Honeywell India

Editorial note: planning guidance may use AI-assisted drafting from Honeywell India product information. Confirm project-specific capacity, compliance and performance in a written technical proposal.

Quick answer

A greenhouse fan-and-pad system pulls outside air through a uniformly wetted cellulose pad and exhausts it with fans at the opposite side. Performance depends on outdoor wet-bulb conditions, correctly engineered pad area and airflow, an unobstructed air path, uniform water distribution, greenhouse sealing and regular water-system maintenance.

A cellulose pad is one component of a greenhouse cooling system. It cannot compensate for insufficient fan capacity, air leaks, poor water distribution or a climate with little wet-bulb depression. The system should be designed by a qualified greenhouse or ventilation engineer for the crop, structure and local design weather.

How fan-and-pad cooling works

Exhaust fans create negative pressure inside the greenhouse. Warm outside air enters through the wet pad, some water evaporates and the air temperature falls while humidity rises. The cooled air then travels through the crop zone toward the fans.

The theoretical limit is related to the outdoor wet-bulb temperature. Hot, dry air has more evaporative potential than warm, humid air. This is why a pad should never be marketed with one guaranteed temperature drop for every country or season.

Information required before pad selection

  • Greenhouse length, width, height and internal obstructions
  • Crop and acceptable temperature and humidity range
  • Local design dry-bulb and wet-bulb conditions
  • Required ventilation rate and installed fan performance
  • Proposed pad-face velocity and available wall area
  • Water quality, tank, pump and distribution-header design
  • Existing frame dimensions and replacement-pad sizes

An engineer uses these inputs to select fan duty, pad face area and water circulation. The pad manufacturer then needs thickness, height, length, flute design and any edge treatment or frame constraint.

5090 or 7090 for a greenhouse?

The labels refer to flute geometry, not a universal quality grade. Different geometries change contact area, airflow resistance and water behaviour. The appropriate choice depends on the system designer's airflow and pressure-drop target, dust load, water management and the manufacturer's tested product data. See our 5090 and 7090 comparison as a starting point, then confirm the project specification.

Water distribution is as important as the pad

The top header should wet the pad evenly without leaving dry stripes or sending unnecessary water into the airflow. The sump, pump, filters, valves and bleed-off arrangement must match water quality and circulation demand.

Mineral concentration rises as water evaporates. A water-treatment specialist may recommend bleed-off or other controls. Avoid unapproved cleaning chemicals because they can damage paper, resin, adhesive, plants or workers.

Common operating problems

SymptomItems to check
Warm zone near padDry sections, bypass air, low water flow, blocked face
Warm zone near fansGreenhouse length, heat load, airflow distribution, fan duty
Water droplets in airExcess flow, damaged pad, wrong orientation, high face velocity
Uneven coolingHeader blockage, air leakage, dirty pad, fan staging
Rapid mineral build-upSource-water quality, bleed-off, filtration, cleaning practice

Maintenance that protects performance

Inspect wetting pattern, strainers, pump and sump routinely. Keep vegetation, cartons and equipment away from the pad face and airflow path. Follow the pad and system supplier's cleaning instructions, repair water leaks promptly and replace damaged sections that allow bypass air.

For local pad-manufacturing projects, repeatable flute geometry, bonding and final dimensions help the finished products fit greenhouse frames and wet consistently. Read our quality-control guide or review country-specific export planning before requesting machinery. Discuss a production-line requirement.

Frequently asked questions

How does a greenhouse cooling pad system work?

Exhaust fans pull outside air through a wet cellulose pad. Evaporation lowers the air's dry-bulb temperature and raises its humidity before the air moves through the greenhouse toward the fans.

How much cooling can a greenhouse pad provide?

There is no universal temperature drop. It depends on outdoor dry-bulb and wet-bulb conditions, pad condition, airflow, water distribution, greenhouse heat load and system design.

What causes dry sections on a greenhouse cooling pad?

Possible causes include a blocked distribution header, insufficient pump flow, poor pad contact, mineral deposits, damaged material or a water system that is not level. Verify the water system before replacing the pad.

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